Fataawa bank (legal verdicts) Related to Social & Business Matters
Q: Is it permissible to listen to the Quran while exercising or working-out? For example: Jogging, walking etc.
A: And with Allah Taala alone is success.
If the type of exercise or activity one is partaking in is cumbersome or requires significant attention or energy, one should not listen to the Quran. This is based on the text of the Holy Quran where God Almighty says: When the Qur’ān is recited, listen to it and be silent, so that you may be blessed. (7:204) In other words, one’s focus should be on the Quran and one should avoid distractions.
Opposite to this would be an activity that requires minimal exertion and/or poses minimal distractions. Examples of this include walking, sitting in a car etc. In this case, it would be permissible to listen to the Quran or even recite it, as the Prophet PBUH used to recite the Quran while riding his steed, walking, and even while laying down in the lap of his wife, Aisha. (AlBukhari & Muslim)
May Allah, subhana wa ta’ala, make us from the people of the Quran. And Allah Taala knows best
السؤال
هل يمكنني الاستماع للقرآن وأنا أمارس الرياضة ؟.
الإجابــة
الحمد لله، والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله، وعلى آله وصحبه، أما بعد
فإن كانت تلك الرياضة شاقةً بحيث يشغلك الجهد عن الاستماع إلى القرآن، فالأولى تأجيل ذلك إلى أن تستريح نفسك، لقول الله جل وعلا: وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنْصِتُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ الأعراف:204
أما إن كانت الرياضة خفيفة كالمشي فلا حرج في ذلك، وقد كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يقرأ القرآن وهو راكب على دابته وماش، وكان يقرأه وهو متكئ في حجر عائشة وهي حائض. رواه البخاري ومسلم، والله أعلم
Q: Is buying and selling stocks permissible?
A: With Allah Taala alone is success. Stocks signify a percentage ownership in a company for the share-holder. His ownership is in proportion to the investment in the company. If the company were to go bankrupt, the share-holder would not regain his investment in the state of cash; rather he would receive the company’s assets according to his proportionate ownership. Therefore, buying and selling stocks is equivalent to investing in business and becoming part owner of that business. Hence it is permissible, if the following conditions are met:
1) The main business of the company permissible. Therefore, to buy or sell stocks in a textile company or a telecommunication company would be permissible whereas investment in a company whose main business is manufacturing drinking alcohol or selling insurance-based schemes would be impermissible. As God Almighty says in the Holy Quran: Help you one another in virtue, righteousness and piety; and do not help one another in sin and transgression. And fear God; Verily, God is severe in punishment.”
al-Maa’idah 5:2
2) If the main business of the company is permissible, one must also make every effort to avoid companies dealing with interest-bearing transactions. (Many companies, despite their main business being permissible, are often involved in interest dealings.) Therefore, one must: a) object to the interest dealings, preferably in the annual AGM. b) When the dividend is distributed, the proportion of the company’s income which was gained by interest dealings must be given in charity without the intention of receiving reward. The amount of interest accumulation can be determined by viewing the income statement. (An Introduction to Islamic Finance - M. Taqi Usmani)
And Allah Taala knows best.
ما حكم المساهمة أو المضاربة في الأسهم ؟
حكم المساهمة والمضاربة في الأسهم
السؤال
ما حكم المساهمة أو المضاربة في الأسهم ؟
الحمد لله
يمكن تقسيم الشركات من حيث أصل نشاطها والأعمال التي تقوم بها إلى نوعين . الأول : شركات أصل عملها مباح ، كشركات النقل أو الشحن أو مصانع الملابس والأدوات المكتبية والأثاث ، ولا تتعامل معاملات محرمة كالغش والربا
فهذا النوع من الشركات تجوز المساهمة والمضاربة فيها
النوع الثاني : شركات أصل عملها محرم ، كالشركات التأمين التجاري ، وشركات طباعة وتوزيع المجلات الخليعة ... إلخ ، وهذا النوع من الشركات لا تجوز المساهمة ولا المضاربة فيها
لان الله تعالى قد قال : (وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَى وَلَا تَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ) المائدة/2
Question:
What is the Islamic ruling concerning contemporary music?
Answer:
With Allah Taala alone is success. Contemporary music generally consists of a combination of musical instruments and lyrics. Both aspects in the current world we live in are problematic from an Islamic perspective because 1) contemporary musical instruments are unlawful except for the tambourine or one sided drum and 2) the singing of, or listening of lyrics that call to sin, waste time, or propagate inappropriate behavior is also unlawful. Therefore, a Muslim should make every effort to avoid contemporary music, despite being drawn towards it or feeling as though it is beneficial to him/her as it could be that a person likes something that is harmful for him. (AlBaqarah-216)
This ruling is based on what Allah Taala says in the Holy Quran: And there are among men, those that purchase idle speech, to mislead men from the path of God without knowledge... For them will be a humiliating punishment" (Luqman-6). The learned companion, Abdullah ibn Masood, (may God be pleased with him) states in the explanation of the word "idle speech": "By Allah its meaning is music." (Sunan al-Bayhaqi) Al-Hasan al-Basri (may God have mercy on him) said: This verse was revealed concerning singing and musical instruments (Tafsir Ibn Kathir).
Likewise, God Almighty says in the Quran: “And befool them gradually those whom you can among them with your voice…” (Al-Israa’-64) Mujaahid (may God have mercy on him) said: “And befool them gradually those whom you can among them with your voice” – the voice of Shaytan is singing and falsehood. Ibn al-Qayyim said: "Everyone who speaks in any way that is not obedient to Allaah, everyone who blows into a flute or other woodwind instrument, or who plays any unlawful kind of drum, this is the voice of the Shaytan." (Ighaathat al-Lahfaan)
Secondly, the Prophet PBUH stated: “Among my ummah there will certainly be people who will permit fornication, silk, alcohol and musical instruments…” (AlBukhari) This tradition indicates in two ways that contemporary music is unlawful. The first is the fact that the Prophet PBUH said: “they will permit” which clearly indicates that the things mentioned, including musical instruments, are unlawful, but there will be people who will try to permit them. The second is the fact that musical instruments are mentioned alongside things which are definitely known to be unlawful; the Prophet PBUH placed fornication, alcohol and musical instruments in the same context/category.
Based in part on the above textual evidence, and other evidence, legal jurists have ruled the impermissibility of singing and musical instruments as we know it, and hence contemporary music. (Raddul Muhtar 6-348) Therefore, a Muslim should make every effort to avoid contemporary music.
And Allah Taala knows best
السؤال
فما رأيكم في إنسان يسمع الموسيقى ؟.
الجواب
والله الموفق
الموسيقى غير جائزة ، استعمالاً لآلاتها ، وسماعاً لنغماتها وأصواتها ،
قال الله تعالى في سورة لقمان : " ومن الناس من يشتري لهو الحديث ليضل عن سبيل الله " ، قال ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما : هو الغناء وقال الحسن البصري رحمه الله : نزلت هذه الآية في الغناء والمزامير ( تفسير ابن كثير)
وقال تعالى : " واستفزز من استطعت منهم بصوتك "
عن مجاهد رحمه الله قال : استنزل منهم من استطعت ، قال : وصوته الغناء والباطل ، قال ابن القيم رحمه الله : فكل متكلم في غير طاعة الله أو مصوت بيراع أو مزمار أو دف حرام أو طبل فذلك صوت الشيطان ، إغاثة اللهفان
قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم : ( لَيَكُونَنَّ مِنْ أُمَّتِي أَقْوَامٌ يَسْتَحِلُّونَ الْحِرَ وَالْحَرِيرَ وَالْخَمْرَ وَالْمَعَازِفَ ) رواه البخاري
وفي السراج ودلت المسألة أن الملاهي كلها حرام ويدخل عليهم بلا إذنهم لإنكار المنكر قال ابن مسعود [ ص: 349 ] صوت اللهو والغناء ينبت النفاق في القلب كما ينبت الماء النبات . قلت : وفي البزازية استماع صوت الملاهي كضرب قصب ونحوه حرام لقوله عليه الصلاة والسلام " { استماع الملاهي معصية والجلوس عليها فسق والتلذذ بها كفر } " أي بالنعمة فصرف الجوارح إلى غير ما خلق لأجله كفر بالنعمة لا شكر فالواجب كل الواجب أن يجتنب كي لا يسمع لما روي { أنه عليه الصلاة والسلام أدخل أصبعه في أذنه عند سماعه } رد المحتار على الدر المختار 6:348
وقد قال بالتحريم عامة أهل العلم ، ومنهم أئمة الفقه الأربعة : أبو حنيفة ومالك والشافعي وأحمد رحمهم الله
نسأل الله أن يوفقنا لكل خير
Q: Can one pray in a house where a dog walks? Is it permitted for Muslims to own house dogs for medical reasons? Is it permissible for a Muslim to let his/her dog sleep in the same room in separate places? Thank you for your answer in advance.
A: The Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him) said: “Whoever keeps a dog, his reward for good deeds will decrease by one qeeraat every day, except dogs used for farming or herding livestock.” AlBukhari Likewise, the Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him) said: “The angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog or an image.” AlBukhari
Based on these traditions, it becomes clear that one should not keep a dog, without a legitimate Islamically recognized reason. Legitimate, Islamically recognized reasons include dogs that are used for guarding, herding livestock, hunting or medical reasons. If one has a dog for one of these reasons, it would be most appropriate to keep the dog outside the home. Ibn Abideen: As for keeping a dog for hunting or guarding, this is permissible by the consensus of scholars but the owner should not keep the dog in the house unless the owner fears that someone may trespass his home. (Raddul Muhtar)
It must be mentioned that if it is not possible to keep the dog outside the home, for example due to extreme weather or due to the fact that the dog provide an essential task for its owner, like a service dog (a dog that has been trained to perform tasks to assist a disabled person in the home), it would be permissible to designate a place in the home for the dog. In this situation, as Imam Annawawi, the great hadith master states: the angels are not prevented from entering the home due to the presence of a dog for permissible reasons. (Sharh Sahih Muslim) Moreover, it would be permissible to pray in the same house or room where a dog is present, but one must be sure that the dog’s saliva does not get on one’s clothes, or the area where one prays.
Lastly, it must be noted that animals are from the creation of Allah and so we do not look upon them poorly; rather, we are duty-bound, as Muslims, to treat animals in a dignified, humane and merciful manner. And Allah Taala knows best.
السؤال
ما حكم تربية الكلاب في البيوت ؟
الجواب
والله الموفق
لا يجوز للمسلم أن يقتني الكلب ، إلا إذا كان محتاجاً إلى هذا الكلب في الصيد أو حراسة الماشية أو حراسة الزرع
كما قال إبن عابدين في كتابه رد المحتار على الدر المختار في كتاب البيوع في باب المتفرقات من أبوابها وأما اقتناؤه للصيد وحراسة الماشية والبيوت والزرع ، فيجوز بالإجماع لكن لا ينبغي أن يتخذه في داره إلا إن خاف لصوصا أو أعداء و
روى البخاري عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : ( مَنْ أَمْسَكَ كَلْبًا فَإِنَّهُ يَنْقُصُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ قِيرَاطٌ إِلا كَلْبَ حَرْثٍ أَوْ مَاشِيَةٍ ) .
وروى مسلم عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : مَنْ اقْتَنَى كَلْبًا إِلا كَلْبَ مَاشِيَةٍ أَوْ كَلْبَ صَيْدٍ نَقَصَ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ قِيرَاطٌ
قَالَ اِبْن عَبْد الْبَرّ : فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيث إِبَاحَة اِتِّخَاذ الْكِلَاب لِلصَّيْدِ وَالْمَاشِيَة , وَكَذَلِكَ الزَّرْع
وروى ابن ماجه عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رضي الله عنه عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : إِنَّ الْمَلائِكَةَ لا تَدْخُلُ بَيْتًا فِيهِ كَلْبٌ وَلا صُورَةٌ
فهذه الأحاديث تدل على تحريم اقتناء الكلب إلا ما استثناه الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم
لم يستثن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم من تحريم اقتناء الكلب إلا ثلاثة فقط ، وهي : كلب الصيد ، وحراسة الماشية ، وحراسة الزرع
ذهب بعض العلماء إلى أنه يجوز أن يقاس على هذه الثلاثة ما كان مثلها أو أولى ، كحراسة البيوت ، لأنه إذا جاز اقتناء الكلب لحراسة الماشية والزرع فجواز اقتنائه لحراسة البيوت من باب أولى
قال النووي في شرح مسلم
" هَلْ يَجُوز اِقْتِنَاء الْكِلَاب لِحِفْظِ الدُّور وَالدُّرُوب وَنَحْوهَا ؟ فِيهِ وَجْهَانِ : أَحَدهمَا : لا يَجُوز ، لِظَوَاهِر الأَحَادِيث ، فَإِنَّهَا مُصَرِّحَة بِالنَّهْيِ إِلا لِزَرْعٍ أَوْ صَيْد أَوْ مَاشِيَة , وَأَصَحّهمَا : يَجُوز ، قِيَاسًا عَلَى الثَّلاثَة ، عَمَلا بِالْعِلَّةِ الْمَفْهُومَة مِنْ الأَحَادِيث وَهِيَ الْحَاجَة " انتهى .
وهذا الذي صححه النووي رحمه الله من جواز اقتناء الكلب لحراسة البيت
و قال النووي في شرحه
فأما ما ليس بحرام من كلب الصيد والزرع والماشية والصورة التي تُمتهن في البساط والوسادة وغيرهما فلا يمتنع دخول الملائكة بسببه
والله أعلم